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ARMATURE FOR'DYNAMOS, &c. No. 428,289. Patented May 20, 1890.

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ARMATURE FOR DYNAMOS,-*&c. No. 428,289. Patented May 20, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT SCHMID, OF ALLEGHENY, ASSIGNOR TO THE lVESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

ARMATURE FOR DY-NAMOS, 80C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 428,289, dated May 20, 1890.

Application filed June 6, 1889- Serial No. 313,289. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT ScHMID, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, now residing in Allegheny, lounty of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Construction of Armatures for Electric Machines,

(Case No. 311,) of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the construction of armatures for electric generators and. motors.

The object is to provide an electrically-efficient armature which is convenient and simple in its construction, and in which the coils of insulated inductive wire may be wound or formed into bobbins and thoroughly insulated before being applied to the core, and which also permits the coils to be readily replaced in case of injury.

For certain purposes it is desirable to construct the armatures of electric generators and motors with radial teeth extending through the coils. This permits the metal of the core to bebrought into close magnetic relation to the field-magnet poles, thus tending to increase the efliciency of the machine and its capacity. The invention relates particularly to the construction of armatures of this general character.

The invention consists, in general terms, in constructing an armature-core with teeth projecting radially from the body of the armature and having lateral lugs beneath which the coils are placed and held in position. These coils or bobbins are previously wound and insulated, and in applying them to the core they are slipped over the teeth and pressed beneath the lugs and secured in position. This may be accomplished in different ways, certain of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, Figure l is an end View, partly in section, of a portion of an armature provided with coils previously wound and in sulated, and Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a plan and an end view of a coil before it is applied to the armature. Fig. 4 is a plan of a section of the armature after the coils are applied. Fig 5 is an end view, partly in section, of a modified form of armature; and Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively a plan and an end view of a coil before it is appliedin this modified form of armature.

Referring to the figures, A represents the body or core of an armature, composed in this instance of laminre of magnetizable material built up in any suitable manner, the lamina} being preferably separated by intervening strata of insulating material. The individual plates or laminae of the core are constructed with radial teeth a a, placed at proper intervals from each other. The teeth are constructed with lateral lugs a, a ,beneath which the coils are to be placed. are brought together or assembled, the individual teeth form continuous teeth across the surface of the armature. In practice the presence of the lugs upon the sides of the teeth prove advantageous in many instances, since the magnetic changes betweenthe armature and field-magnet poles may thus be rendered less abrupt.

The coils or bobbins B are intended to surround the teeth; but both for convenience in applying these coils and to secure the proper insulation in a convenient mannerit is desirable to wind an d insulate the coils before they are applied to the core. For this purpose the coils are originally wound in forms or blocks of the proper size and shape, and

When the plates they are thoroughly insulated. A convenient the character described one side may be.

slipped beneath the lug upon one side of one of the teeth and the opposite side carried over the lug upon the opposite side of the same tooth. The sides of the bobbins are then firmly pressed together, causing them to hug the tooth closely upon the opposite sides and to be held in position beneath the lugs. To permit this operation, however, the coils are originally wound and formed of a greater width than the thickness of the body of the tooth, as shown in Fig. 2, and to permit of the requisite compression of the coils without injury to the insulation between the wires ditlerent plans may be resorted to. Thus in Figs. 2 and the coils are shown as having loops or curves l) at their respective ends. By closing these loops, after the coils are placed over the teeth, as shown at I) in Fig. l, the sides of the coils are brought closer together and into their proper positions with reference to the armature-tooth. The requisite amount of pressure may be obtained by clamps or vises in manners which will be readily understood.

In practice it may be found more convenient to construct some of the coils or bobbins about the teeth in sections, as shown, for instance at B This is a convenient form of construction for the coils which are last applied to an armature, for the reason that somewhat less space is then available, since the openings beneath the adjacent lugs on each side are partly filled by the other coils. This construction, however, is not necessary.

Numerous different ways of constructing the coils for permitting them to be readily compressed beneath the teeth may be employed.

In Figs. 5, 6, and 7 one modification is illustrated. In this instance the loops 7) are formed in a plane at right an glcs to the general plane of the coils, and after the coils have been placed over the teeth the sides of the loops are pressed together and made more nearly parallel, thus forcing the ends of the loops farther from the plane of the coils. After the coil has been placed in position and its sides compressed, pins or bolts e may be inserted in the ends of the armature at the bends of the loops I), thus holding them firmly in position. Plates 6 may be applied to the ends of the armature to receive the curved ends of the coils and hold them more securely in position.

Other special forms of coils permitting compression need not here be enumerated. It may be added that by simply forming the coils of greater width than the teeth of the armature they may be compressed. They will then project beyond the core a slight distance.

In case of injury to any of the coils of the armature the injured coils may be cut away and new ones readily supplied in their place.

The connections of the individual coils or bobbins with each other or with collectingrings or with commutators may be made in any desired manner.

The spaces between the coils may be left open for the purpose of allowing ventilation; or in certain instances it may be found desirable to insert one or more wedges or blocks E at intervals for the purpose of holding the coils more securely in position.

I claim as my invention 1. The hereinbefore-described method of applying armature-coils to armature-cores having radial teeth with laterally-projecting lugs, which consists in first winding and insulating the coils of insulated conductors and then placing them over the teeth and compressing them beneath the projecting lugs, substantially as described.

2. An armature for electric machines, consistingof a laminated core, radial teeth upon said core having laterally-projeeting lugs, and coils of insulated conductors beneath said lugs held in position thereby, said coils having loops at their respective ends permitting 0t compression, substantially as described.

3. The hcreinbefore-described method of applying armature-coils to armature-cores having radial teeth with laterallyprojecting lugs, which consists in first winding and insulating the coils of insulated conductors, placing them over the teeth, compressing them beneath the projecting lugs, and then securing the coils in position by holding devices at their ends, substantially as described.

+t. An armature for electric machines, consisting of an armat ure-core having radial teeth and laterally-projecting lugs upon said teeth, coils of insulated wire, and insulating material wholly incasing each coil, said coils surrounding the respective teeth and projecting beyond the ends thereof, leaving open spaces between the ends of the teeth and the ends of the coils, substantially described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this E'llst day of May, A. l). 1889.

ALBERT SCHMID.

Witnesses:

CHARLES A. TERRY, C. 0. Werner. 

